Silver

47 107.9

Silver

Our Products Product Characteristics Application Areas Historical Background

Silver SrA-1,2
Producer	Principal applications	Product Form	Dimensions	Packaging
Krastsvetmet	Electrical industry Electronics industry	Bars	Bars size: 335x135x300x100x80 mm Bars weight: 28 — 32 kg	Description: Plastic containers KTS-1 Containers size: 446х160х111 mm

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, %
Element	State standard 28595-90 for SrA-1	State standard 28595-90 for SrA-2
Ag min	99.9	99.98
Au	0.0006	0.0006
Pt. Pd	0.0010	0.0010
Fe	0.0010	0.0010
Pb	0.0020	0.0030
Bi	0.0010	0.0020
Te	0.0020	0.0040
Sb	0.0010	0.0020
Zn	‒	‒
Cu	‒	‒
Total	0.0100	0.0200

Silver SrAG-1,2
Producer	Principal applications	Product Form	Packaging
Krastsvetmet	Electrical industry Electronics industry	Granules	Description: Plastic containers КТ-2 Containers size: 301×241×130 mm Standard specifications 1752-085-00196533-2005

Physical and chemical characteristics
Latin name	Argentum (Ag)
Group in Mendeleev’s periodic table	I
Atomic number	47
Atomic weight	107.8682
Description	Metal of white color, malleable, plastic.
Density	10.5 g/sm³
Melting point	t 961.9 °С
Chemical activity	Silver chemically low-activity, at the resence of hydrogen sulphide blackens.

Jewellery
In jewellery, silver can serve as both the base material and an alloy component. However, this metal is extremely ductile and has too low a mechanical strength to be used in its pure form, so various alloying elements are added to change its melting temperature, improve its wear resistance and increase its strength, while not affecting the colour.

Coins
Silver has been traditionally used in the production of coins, and today it is still employed to make commemorative and bullion coins. The heaviest modern Russian silver coin dedicated to St Petersburg Mint’s 275th anniversary weighed 3,000 g and came out in 1999 (150 coins issued in total).

Electrical engineering
Thanks to its high thermal conductivity and chemical resistance, silver alloyed with gold, palladium, copper or zinc is widely used in the production of paste for conductor layers and of solders for durable and ductile seals resisting impacts and vibration. Additive-free metal can be found in common relays, temperature sensors (silver wire), and, in small amounts, in aircraft cables and connectors. It is also used in copper conductors (silver plating), high-frequency waveguides and radio-electronic equipment (transistors and microcircuits).

Film and photo materials
Silver is widely used to manufacture photosensitive materials, mainly silver halide crystals, with the film-making and photography industries consuming around 40% of all produced silver. The usual black-and-white photo film (before processing) contains up to 5 g of silver per sq m.

Weather modification
To manipulate the weather in any given location, small particles of silver iodide are sprayed from planes. Even limited amounts of this compound can lead to the formation of large droplets in clouds and, consequently, precipitation. The opposite effect can be achieved by the same means: to prevent precipitation, silver iodide is sprayed onto clouds in advance dozens of kilometres away from the target area.

Batteries
The metal is used in the production of electrodes for high-capacity batteries made of silver and zinc or silver and cadmium. Such batteries are characterised by high energy density, specific energy and amperage discharge (given their low internal impedance). They also have applications in the rocket and submarine technologies. Button cells utilising silver chloride are a good fit for electronic wristwatches, cameras, and calculators.

Antibacterial agent
Due to its antibacterial properties, silver can serve as a disinfectant. For example, low concentrations of silver are known to have bactericidal effect on drinking water. Silver-containing agents are increasingly used to sanitise drinking water (some household filters have silver impregnated activated carbon discharging small amounts of silver into water). Disinfection of swimming pools is one of the silver bromide applications.

Chemical industry
Silver and its compounds are unique catalysts for the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction, acetylene-air detonation, carbon monoxide combustion, and oxidation of alcohols to produce acid aldehydes. The metal is used in glacial acetic acid and phenol production units, as well as in the laboratory equipment, including melting crucibles and boats for alkalis or alkali salts.

Optical industry
Metallic silver is employed in the production of high-quality optical mirrors. Some radar surfaces are coated with silver chloride, which is also widely used in the infrared optics. Silver phosphate is utilised in the glass melting process to manufacture glass for radiation dosimetry.

Silver is known from most ancient times. In process of development of commodity manufacture it, by virtue of the natural properties (uniformity, divisibility, a retentivity, portability), alongside with gold acted as the monetary goods, played a role of a universal equivalent i.e. money. With 16 and up to the end of 19 centuries prevailed in monetary circulation of the European countries. From the end of the 19th century the most of the countries has passed to gold monometallism. Silver remained as the currency in China, Iran, Afghanistan till 1930s. It is extracted mainly from complex ores, to a lesser degree from silver ores.

Safety Data sheet

Safety Data sheet PDF, 0.1 MB

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